Understanding Menstrual Blood Color: When Black or Brown Discharge Signals a Health Concern

Kathmandu. Menstrual blood is usually red or dark red. However, when the blood appears black or brown, it causes anxiety and fear in many women. Is this normal or a sign of a health problem?

According to health experts, the color of menstrual blood depends on the processes occurring inside the body, hormones, and the speed at which the blood flows.

Why does menstrual blood appear black?

When blood remains in the uterus or vagina for a long time and comes into contact with oxygen, its color becomes dark or black. In scientific terms, this is called 'oxidized blood'. Health experts say that in most cases, this color is seen on the first or last day of menstruation. However, experts advise consulting a doctor if only black blood is seen continuously.

According to experts, menstrual blood may appear black in the following situations:

• When the flow rate is slow.
• When blood remains stuck in the uterus for a long time due to low flow.
• When there is a hormonal imbalance in the body.
• When menstruation is delayed.

Is black blood considered normal or dangerous?

Black blood appearing for one or two days can be normal. However, experts suggest seeing a doctor immediately if the following symptoms appear:

• Continuous black blood flow.
• Foul odor from the vagina.
• Abnormal abdominal pain during menstruation.
• Abnormal discharge.

These symptoms can indicate a problem with the inner lining of the uterus, a blockage, or an infection.

Why are blood clots seen along with black blood?

Seeing clots along with black blood means the blood has been in the uterus for a long time and has coagulated. This can be considered normal during heavy bleeding or irregular menstruation.

However, if this problem persists, it could indicate uterine fibroids, hormonal issues, or abnormalities in the uterine lining. If there is severe pain, weakness, and excessive bleeding, one should immediately see an obstetrician and gynecologist.

Is this a sign of an infection or disease?

Continuous black discharge can also be a sign of pelvic infection, sexually transmitted infection, or vaginal infection. If foul odor, lower abdominal pain, and abnormal discharge accompany black blood, it should be understood that there is an infection in the uterine lining.

In cases of hormonal imbalance or PCOS, a woman's ovulation is irregular. This can cause delayed periods, irregular flow, and the passage of many clots, which makes the blood appear black.

Can black blood also be seen during an abortion?

During an early or incomplete abortion, blood and tissue stuck in the uterus for a long time may exit, causing the blood to appear black. In such cases, there will be severe abdominal pain, excessive bleeding, tissue-like clots, and a feeling of weakness. Pregnant women experiencing these symptoms should contact a doctor immediately.

The color of the blood does not directly indicate fertility status. However, it gives clues about hormonal balance and uterine health, which can affect fertility over time. Therefore, it is best to seek medical advice as soon as any unusual change is felt.

With the assistance of the agency